Young People´s Recreational Nitrous Oxide(N2O) Use and Associated Harm Reduction Strategies: A Qualitative Study

Authors

1.Dr. Julaine Allan (⚑ Australia) 1

2.Dr. Jacqui Cameron (⚑ Australia) 2

3.Ms. Hannah Walter (⚑ Australia) 2

4.Dr. Helen Simpson (⚑ Australia) 2

1. Charles Sturt University, 2. University of Wollongong

Abstract

Background

Nitrous Oxide (N2O) is a dissociative anaesthetic that can be used for both medical and recreational purposes. Recent research indicates that recreational use of N2O, primarily by young people, is increasing rapidly. To develop practical harm reduction strategies for young people, alcohol and drug practitioners, and other health professionals an understanding of the motivations for, and contexts of use is required

Methods

The study employed a peer researcher to undertake a qualitative exploration of N2O use with seven young people aged between 18-25 years. In-depth interviews were transcribed and inductively analyzed by the research team.

Results

Three key themes emerged from the interviews -The appeal of N2O, experiences of risks and harms and context of use. Easy accessibility and short-lived effects of N2O meant it was perceived as less harmful than other drugs, even though all study participants described multiple harms experienced including lingering negative effects on brain function. Study participants generated six harm reduction recommendations with a rationale for each - sit down, clean the equipment, use with others, use in moderation, keep it social, and use a balloon to inhale.

Conclusion

Perception of N2O risk is low among young people in the study in spite of harms experienced. Population specific harm reduction strategies and psychoeducation are needed in healthcare and youth settings to ensure that young people are informed of N2O risks and safer use practices.